Calender roll having adjustable crown



Feb. 7, 1961 J. M. HAUSMAN 2,970,339

CALENDER ROLL HAVING ADJUSTABLE CROWN Filed Sept. 12, 1957 3Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.|

INVENTOR. JOHN M. HAUSMAN 3 Sheets-Shea i9 vw m\ Feb. 7, 1961 J. M.HAUSMAN CALENDER ROLL HAVING ADJUSTABLE CROWN Filed' Sept. 12, 1957INVENTOR. JOHN M. HAUSMAN Feb. 7, 1961 J. M. HAUSMAN CALENDER ROLLHAVING ADJUSTABLE CROWN Filed Sept. 12, 1957 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.JOHN M. HAUSMAN ATTY S 'roi'm- MliHau sm m, sss r naaewaarnave; Stave,'OIiio' Filed se 'e 12,- 1 957, Ser't-No; 683,579 4* Chi ims' 1, cam-211 east ,terials; is desirable; to prov-idelmachineshavlng at l one pairof cooperating rollsto form the'rnatenial-v from a mass thereof into.sheet form.-

thickness. t shee-tproduct .isreduced; The: pressurns, neq s d n y-Jasoea st au t a IQHSMD how or deflect and to overcome the onsequentncrease in thickness along a medial zonewflthe rolled sheetit has beencommon-practice, tolprovide-calender. rolls whose working faces.arecrowned onin other; words whose. diameters are made slightly:la1 =ger= at the cent crsoftheworking. faces than at therna-ngi-nspithe.workinggfacese I t The pressure required to oll re-sheet; ;1'; .from a batch thereof increases rapidly as the desined2,970,339 fiatented Feb. 7, 1961 frame members 5. 6.: gscrews 10;; 1 1are provided to adjust;-,the ,rpll;.7 and its bearings, and maybeadjusted asbnr otatingwwheels 12;..13 hired to screws; 10; 11,..0; inany other manner. In similar manner,.the; lower roll 14 is; mounted forirotating; inzbearings. 15, 16 mounted ion vertical, adjustment in;fr amemembers. 5, 6, and ad;

jnstedib crews-471,; 18- having wheels. 19, 20" secured hI Of Z m nat liQnylq dnives-rolls and; lglrthrough a. gear 21- fixed totrqll hand.ge,ars 2r}cand 23: fixed to rolls 7. and 14 respectiyely"; andr meshing.withtgear. 21.. V j Eon; regulatingnks temperature of, the.. individualrolls, each: rollqis made hollow sothat cold orhot water or steanymayrcirculated therethrough. To accomplish cinculation'while. permitting theroll to. rotate a. cap; men ecured toanaends of the roll, as by bolts 25provide a, cylindrical: recess 26. A conv connnonly'knownas.zrffhnilhteej having an qntwar'dly cit-tending; flange28,; i s rotatably. mounted int-h reess rt n t f m l nts th rea nd he haan 'nlet passage 32' and an ontlet fi extending therealong from. itsinner:v end to .p nsitinns putside the roll. where. they connect withradial passagesfizt and, 35,. respectinely,extending. in opposite oneditficultyexperienced with crownedtroills i s- "that.

if the. crown is correctfor rollingone composition to a certainthickness it-is incgn rectggfor rolling the same-cornposition to adifferent thickness or for rolling? difierent composition the samethickness.- i

It has also been proposed to provide complex adjusting'lmechanisrnsforthr'owing-the axes oi calender rolls ontyof parallel to counteractbowing ofi the rolls. Such areas, have encountered many mechanicald-iificultiesand haysv not been. too satisfactory...

hpresent invention has for its; objeott to proyide a pf crown toaccomplish crown a dj-u'stmentwithout changcalender roll having meansfor changing-tits amount ofv ing the axial plane of the roll, andtoprovide for adj-usting the crown of the roll whilethe roll is in use.-V

I These and other objects will appear fromthe; following description andthe accompanying drawings.

Qf the drawings":

Fig. 1 is a front view ofa three roll calender;

Fig.2 is an axial s'ectionalview of a calender roll therefor showingoneform of the invention;

Fig. 3 is an axialsectionalview of one end of a calender roll andshowingin diagram pipe connections and valves, part of theroll being brokenaway, the figure illustrating a modification of the invention; 7

Fig. 4 is an axial sectional view of one end; of a calender rollillustratinganother modification of the invention, the opposite end ofthe roll being broken away;

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of a vfour connection milltee asused in the modification of ig. 4;.

Fig. 6 is. a detail perspective View of one of the lantern rings of Fig.4; and Y Fig. 7 is a end view of the mill-tee mg. Sishowing Referring tothe drawings and first to Fig. 1 thereof, this shows an exam le of athreeroll calender "such'as is employed in the rubber industry I}! siren,a'calende'r,

a center roll 1 is mounted in fixed bearings; atorrotaq In order to protie more uniform" of he; slip connection.

directions through a head 3 6 tof the body; body iszfpreyented -frornrotating an inlet pipe 3.7 and; an

predio pass c5 34 am ss; respeotinely, r. m ,answhi e roll'may rotatebecause pipe. may besecured totlie ay extend. for: a distance: within te p r or by any 0 inlet. passage- 32. id-

fthegrollto more uniformly distribute the heating. or

cooling. medium. r

I Theinlet pipe. is ordinarily connected to acont'rolvalve (not shown).connecting, it.to a cold water supply and .al soHto. a. control.val'krefl(no-t shown). connecting it toga j adjusting; the crown of acalender roll by pressure applied internally. In one form of theinvention, this is accomplishedibyfillihg, the roll with a liquid orother flowable material'and placing the liquid under pressure sufficientto expandthe; roll to a, degree to, providethe desired crown. As shownin Fig. 2, the roll 1 may be'an'y calenderroll andis of thesameconstruction. as the rolls ofFigJ an d hasthe same, slip connectionscommunicating withfl inlet passage 34and outlet passage 35,respectively; Inthisform of the invention, the inlet passage 34 isconnected by a pipe 34a, to a supply ofifiuid, indicated by thepipe..45, by a shut-off. valve wand the outlet 35 is connected toapressure cylinder 47' by a pipe 47 a. Cylinder 47 istalso provided witha drain line 48..normallyclosed by avalve 49. A piston 50 in cylinder 47may be moved lengthwise thereof by a hand screw 51 controlled by a handwheel 52.

I With the arrangement of Fig. 2, the roll may befilled with water orother liquid by closing valve 49 and openvalve 46, Valve 46 is thenclosed and the liquid in the rolls may be placed under pressure bymoving-the being increased more at thecenter'than at the endspro-'viclin'g a crown 7 depending inv amount upon the internal pressure; i

expansion; he-hill desired temperature by use of the same liquid.

ing roll and its supply pipes.

is preferably machined throughout its bore so that the wall surfaces areuniformly concentric. In Fig. 2, the working face of the roll isindicated by the numeral 53. This face may be initially cylindrical butis preferably machined to be initially slightly crowned. To providefurther for greater expansion of the roll 1 at the center of its workingface, the cavity-54 is machined to provide walls which progressivelydecrease in thickness from the ends of the roll face to its center as bymaking the surfaces 55, 56 conical.

In Fig. 3 only one end of the roll 1 is shown to indicate the pipeconnections, other portions being broken away and the other end of theroll being closed. The roll is identical in construction with that shownin Fig. 2. In this form of the invention, the fluid used ordinarily toheat or cool the roll is additionally employed to provide fluid pressureto increase the crown of the roll in use. For this purpose, the inletconnection 34 is connected to the outlet of a high pressure pump 60. Theinlet of the pump 60 is connected to a mixer 61 which in turn issupplied by hot and cold water or other liquid by way of valves 62, 63.By adjustment of valves 62. 63, the pump is supplied by temperaturecontrolling liquid at any desired temperature. The outlet passage 35from the roll is connected to a pressure relief valve 64 having anoutlet 65 connected to a drain. The valve has a valve seat 66 and apoppet valve 67 seated therein. The valve is held against its seat by acoil spring 68. The side of the valve opposite the spring is exposed topressure from the roll '1 and the valve may open to exhaust under fluidpressure exceeding tension of the spring. Spring tension may be adjustedby a screw 69.

The arrangement is such that by adjustment of relief valve 64, theliquid pressure in the roll may be held at a desired amount to provideexpansion of the roll to increase its crown as desired while at the sametime by control'of valves 62 and 63, the roll may be kept at the Inplace of the mixer 61, a heat exchanger may be provided and cooling orheating water from a single supply may be supplied therethrough to thepump 60, the temperature of the liquid delivered to the pump beingprovided by transfer of heat thereto from the hot and cold supplies 62,63.

.The modification of the invention shown in Figs. 4 to 7, inclusive,provides for expanding a calender roll by pressure applied from withinwhile controlling temperature of the rolls by circulation of liquidtherethrough. in this form of the invention, a calender roll 70 isexternally similar to the roll 1 previously illustrated and is chamberedsimilar to the roll 1. Within its chamber 71 however and at the centralplane of the roll face is an annular tubular body 72 having an outerdiameter equal to the interior diameter of the roll at that position.

Two tubular connections 73, 74 extend from one side of the-ring and areconnected to passages 75, 76 respectively, extending lengthwise of theroll neck 77 at opposite positions spaced radially from the bore 78, theconnections being preferably made by welding.

The end of the roll neck 77 is counterbored, as at 79, to receive a capmember 80 having a cylindrical counterbore for receiving a slipconnection 81, commonly known as a mill-tee, the purpose of which is toprovide continuous connection between fluid passages of a rotat- In thepresent embodiment of the invention, it is desired to heat and expandthe tubular body 72 and thereby to expand the center of the roll and forthis purpose steam or pressure liquid supply and exhaust connections 73,74 are connected throughthe mill-tee. Also the roll must havetemperature control. so connections including asupply and exhaust forchamber 71 are also provided through the milltee. "For this purposeradial passages 82, 83 connecting :with passages 75, 76 respectively areprovided inthe roll neck at axially spaced positions and connectingopensired amount.

ings 84, 85, in continuation thereof, are provided through the wall ofthe cap member.

The slip connection or mill-tee is shown in Fig. 5 and has four axiallyextending passages 86, 87, 88 and 89. Of these, passages 86 and 87terminate in side openings 90 and 91 respectively in axial alignmentwith passages 84, 85 respectively. Their opposite ends terminate inradial openings 92, 93 respectively. A pair of similar lantern rings 94,95, of which 94 is illustrated in Fig. 6, each comprise spaced parallelrings 96, 97, held in spaced relation by spindles 98. They are slidablymounted about the mill-tee within the cap with their central spacesconnecting passages 84, to openings 90, 91, respectively. Gasket rings96a and 97a flanking lantern ring 94 and packing ring 98a are providedto seal the joints and a gland 99 compresses the gaskets and packingring. Passage 92 is connected to a steam supply line 100 through a valve101 and passage 93 is connected'to a drain line 102 through a valve 103.

Passages 88, 89 of the mill-tee are connected to radial openings 104,105, respectively, in the head of the milltee. The opening 104 isconnected through a valve 106 to a supply line 107 of steam or hotwater. The opening is connected through a valve 109 with a supply line108 of cold water. By regulating valves 106, 107, the temperature of theroll may be maintained at a de- By controlling the pressure of thehydraulic liquid supplied to the ring 72, which may be done bymanipulating valves 101, 103, and varying the pressure on the suppliedliquid, the ring 72 may be expanded to increase the crown of the roll,as desired.

It should be realized that the working roll 1 may originally be of truecylindrical outer contour, if desired, and that the other rolls 7 and 14may be constructed like the roll 1, or may be of conventionalconstruction and operation, as desired. A conventional spray pipe A isshown in Fig. 4 for other temperature control action.

The desired internal fluid expanding pressure can be supplied in theroll 1 without any control of the temperature thereof when notemperature regulation on the material being processed by the workingroll 1 is required. Obviously, the roll 1 of the invention can be usedfor rolling any desired material in any known type of rolling v orcalendering operation, as long as the roll 1 can be provided withsufiicient strength and other operating characteriitlics as is requiredfor operating upon such given materi In another aspect of the invention,and especially where no control of the temperature of the roll isrequired, it would be possible to fill such a roll with a plasticsubstance such as vulcanized or unvulcanized natural rubber, syntheticrubber, or the like and wherein the plastic substance is flowable, butnot compressible so that it readily transmits pressure therethrough. Insuch instance, a roll like the roll 1 would be completely filled withthe plastic substance and with the cap member supplied at one endthereof, like the cap member 24, being provided with some type of apressure screw and end piston unit there in bearing upon the plasticmaterial within the roll cavity so that any desired pressure can beexerted upon the roll for bowing or crowning the center portion of theroll desired amounts. Pressures of, for example, 1500 to 2000 lb. persquare inch may be used to obtain the desired crowning action of therolls. It should be realized that in all events the internal bores ofthe rolls of the invention need not be exactly ofconical shape, but agenerally conical shape would be sufficient in some practice of theinvention. Also, the invention contemplates the use of rolls withcylindrical center bores as the supports for the rolls are provided atthe ends thereof and the centers of the rolls will crown with thejapplication of internal pressures thereto.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that a novel and the invention andthat small amounts of crown at the center portion of the roll can bereadily provided in this roll of the invention. Obviously, rolls of thistype only need to be crowned a few thousandths or ten thousandths of aninch at the center portion thereof under most circumstances but they maybe crowned more than that to give excellent rolling action to providefiat calendered sheets of uniform thicknesses throughout the widthsthereof, or to give other results or action, as desired. Hence, it isbelieved that the objects of the invention have been achieved.

While several complete embodiments of the invention have been disclosedherein, it will be appreciated that modification of these particularembodiments ofthe invention may be resorted to without departing fromthe scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A cylindrical metal roll for rolling deformable material into sheetsof accurate thickness and having a chamber underlying its working faceand having walls decreasing in thickness towards the center of the roll,said roll and its walls being rigid and of sufficient strength towithstand normal operative forces applied thereto, uncompressible butflowable material positioned within and filling said chamber, and meansengaging said material for applying pressure thereto for expanding theroll to provide it with a crown intermediate the ends thereof, saidmeans connecting to said material and being able to vary the pressureexerted thereon when the roll is rotating.

2. A cylindrical metal calender roll having a chamber underlying itsworking face and having Walls progressively decreasing in thicknesstowards the center of the roll, said roll and its walls being rigid andof suflicient strength to withstand normal operative forces appliedthereto, means within said chamber for expanding the roll to provide itwith a crown intermediate the ends thereof, said means comprising a bodyof uncompressible liquid confined within and completely filling saidchamber, and second means engaging said liquid for applying pressure toand maintaining it on said liquid.

3. A cylindrical metal calender roll having a chamber underlying itsworking face and having walls decreasing in thickness towards the centerof the roll, said roll and its walls being rigid and of sufiicientstrength-to withstand normal operative forces applied thereto, meanswithin said chamber for expanding the roll to provide it with a crownintermediate the ends thereof, said means comprising a body of liquidconfined within and completely filling said chamber, and second meansengaging said liquid for applying pressure to said liquid.

4. In a heavy duty mill for accurately sized sheet rolling action andcomprising a plurality of metal rolls positioned for rolling pressureengagement therebetween, the improvement for crowning at least one ofsaid calender rolls having an axially extending center chamber thereinfilled with substantially uncompressible but flowable material, saidcenter chamber connecting to at least one end of said calender roll,said calender center chamber being of twin frusto-conical shape with thebases of the cones being at the center of the roll the walls of whichhave sufiicient strength to withstand normal rolling pressures appliedthereto, and means connecting to the material in said center chamber toapply pressures to said material to produce a controllable center crownon said calender roll in the range of from a few ten thousandths of aninch to a few thousandths of an inch thereon.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,074,410 Matthews Mar. 23, 1937 2,108,071 Low Feb. 15, 1938 2,144,793Christensen Jan. 24, 1939 2,206,410 Lally July 2, 1940 2,648,122Hornbostel Aug. 11, 1953 2,673,168 Pascoe et a1 Mar. 23, 1954 2,732,591Whittum Jan. 31, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 314,726 Switzerland June 30, 1956

